/** * Link/Bookmark API * * @package WordPress * @subpackage Bookmark */ /** * Retrieves bookmark data. * * @since 2.1.0 * * @global object $link Current link object. * @global wpdb $wpdb WordPress database abstraction object. * * @param int|stdClass $bookmark * @param string $output Optional. The required return type. One of OBJECT, ARRAY_A, or ARRAY_N, which * correspond to an stdClass object, an associative array, or a numeric array, * respectively. Default OBJECT. * @param string $filter Optional. How to sanitize bookmark fields. Default 'raw'. * @return array|object|null Type returned depends on $output value. */ function get_bookmark( $bookmark, $output = OBJECT, $filter = 'raw' ) { global $wpdb; if ( empty( $bookmark ) ) { if ( isset( $GLOBALS['link'] ) ) { $_bookmark = & $GLOBALS['link']; } else { $_bookmark = null; } } elseif ( is_object( $bookmark ) ) { wp_cache_add( $bookmark->link_id, $bookmark, 'bookmark' ); $_bookmark = $bookmark; } else { if ( isset( $GLOBALS['link'] ) && ( $GLOBALS['link']->link_id === $bookmark ) ) { $_bookmark = & $GLOBALS['link']; } else { $_bookmark = wp_cache_get( $bookmark, 'bookmark' ); if ( ! $_bookmark ) { $_bookmark = $wpdb->get_row( $wpdb->prepare( "SELECT * FROM $wpdb->links WHERE link_id = %d LIMIT 1", $bookmark ) ); if ( $_bookmark ) { $_bookmark->link_category = array_unique( wp_get_object_terms( $_bookmark->link_id, 'link_category', array( 'fields' => 'ids' ) ) ); wp_cache_add( $_bookmark->link_id, $_bookmark, 'bookmark' ); } } } } if ( ! $_bookmark ) { return $_bookmark; } $_bookmark = sanitize_bookmark( $_bookmark, $filter ); if ( OBJECT === $output ) { return $_bookmark; } elseif ( ARRAY_A === $output ) { return get_object_vars( $_bookmark ); } elseif ( ARRAY_N === $output ) { return array_values( get_object_vars( $_bookmark ) ); } else { return $_bookmark; } } /** * Retrieves single bookmark data item or field. * * @since 2.3.0 * * @param string $field The name of the data field to return. * @param int $bookmark The bookmark ID to get field. * @param string $context Optional. The context of how the field will be used. Default 'display'. * @return string|WP_Error */ function get_bookmark_field( $field, $bookmark, $context = 'display' ) { $bookmark = (int) $bookmark; $bookmark = get_bookmark( $bookmark ); if ( is_wp_error( $bookmark ) ) { return $bookmark; } if ( ! is_object( $bookmark ) ) { return ''; } if ( ! isset( $bookmark->$field ) ) { return ''; } return sanitize_bookmark_field( $field, $bookmark->$field, $bookmark->link_id, $context ); } /** * Retrieves the list of bookmarks. * * Attempts to retrieve from the cache first based on MD5 hash of arguments. If * that fails, then the query will be built from the arguments and executed. The * results will be stored to the cache. * * @since 2.1.0 * * @global wpdb $wpdb WordPress database abstraction object. * * @param string|array $args { * Optional. String or array of arguments to retrieve bookmarks. * * @type string $orderby How to order the links by. Accepts 'id', 'link_id', 'name', 'link_name', * 'url', 'link_url', 'visible', 'link_visible', 'rating', 'link_rating', * 'owner', 'link_owner', 'updated', 'link_updated', 'notes', 'link_notes', * 'description', 'link_description', 'length' and 'rand'. * When `$orderby` is 'length', orders by the character length of * 'link_name'. Default 'name'. * @type string $order Whether to order bookmarks in ascending or descending order. * Accepts 'ASC' (ascending) or 'DESC' (descending). Default 'ASC'. * @type int $limit Amount of bookmarks to display. Accepts any positive number or * -1 for all. Default -1. * @type string $category Comma-separated list of category IDs to include links from. * Default empty. * @type string $category_name Category to retrieve links for by name. Default empty. * @type int|bool $hide_invisible Whether to show or hide links marked as 'invisible'. Accepts * 1|true or 0|false. Default 1|true. * @type int|bool $show_updated Whether to display the time the bookmark was last updated. * Accepts 1|true or 0|false. Default 0|false. * @type string $include Comma-separated list of bookmark IDs to include. Default empty. * @type string $exclude Comma-separated list of bookmark IDs to exclude. Default empty. * @type string $search Search terms. Will be SQL-formatted with wildcards before and after * and searched in 'link_url', 'link_name' and 'link_description'. * Default empty. * } * @return object[] List of bookmark row objects. */ function get_bookmarks( $args = '' ) { global $wpdb; $defaults = array( 'orderby' => 'name', 'order' => 'ASC', 'limit' => -1, 'category' => '', 'category_name' => '', 'hide_invisible' => 1, 'show_updated' => 0, 'include' => '', 'exclude' => '', 'search' => '', ); $parsed_args = wp_parse_args( $args, $defaults ); $key = md5( serialize( $parsed_args ) ); $cache = wp_cache_get( 'get_bookmarks', 'bookmark' ); if ( 'rand' !== $parsed_args['orderby'] && $cache ) { if ( is_array( $cache ) && isset( $cache[ $key ] ) ) { $bookmarks = $cache[ $key ]; /** * Filters the returned list of bookmarks. * * The first time the hook is evaluated in this file, it returns the cached * bookmarks list. The second evaluation returns a cached bookmarks list if the * link category is passed but does not exist. The third evaluation returns * the full cached results. * * @since 2.1.0 * * @see get_bookmarks() * * @param array $bookmarks List of the cached bookmarks. * @param array $parsed_args An array of bookmark query arguments. */ return apply_filters( 'get_bookmarks', $bookmarks, $parsed_args ); } } if ( ! is_array( $cache ) ) { $cache = array(); } $inclusions = ''; if ( ! empty( $parsed_args['include'] ) ) { $parsed_args['exclude'] = ''; // Ignore exclude, category, and category_name params if using include. $parsed_args['category'] = ''; $parsed_args['category_name'] = ''; $inclinks = wp_parse_id_list( $parsed_args['include'] ); if ( count( $inclinks ) ) { foreach ( $inclinks as $inclink ) { if ( empty( $inclusions ) ) { $inclusions = ' AND ( link_id = ' . $inclink . ' '; } else { $inclusions .= ' OR link_id = ' . $inclink . ' '; } } } } if ( ! empty( $inclusions ) ) { $inclusions .= ')'; } $exclusions = ''; if ( ! empty( $parsed_args['exclude'] ) ) { $exlinks = wp_parse_id_list( $parsed_args['exclude'] ); if ( count( $exlinks ) ) { foreach ( $exlinks as $exlink ) { if ( empty( $exclusions ) ) { $exclusions = ' AND ( link_id <> ' . $exlink . ' '; } else { $exclusions .= ' AND link_id <> ' . $exlink . ' '; } } } } if ( ! empty( $exclusions ) ) { $exclusions .= ')'; } if ( ! empty( $parsed_args['category_name'] ) ) { $parsed_args['category'] = get_term_by( 'name', $parsed_args['category_name'], 'link_category' ); if ( $parsed_args['category'] ) { $parsed_args['category'] = $parsed_args['category']->term_id; } else { $cache[ $key ] = array(); wp_cache_set( 'get_bookmarks', $cache, 'bookmark' ); /** This filter is documented in wp-includes/bookmark.php */ return apply_filters( 'get_bookmarks', array(), $parsed_args ); } } $search = ''; if ( ! empty( $parsed_args['search'] ) ) { $like = '%' . $wpdb->esc_like( $parsed_args['search'] ) . '%'; $search = $wpdb->prepare( ' AND ( (link_url LIKE %s) OR (link_name LIKE %s) OR (link_description LIKE %s) ) ', $like, $like, $like ); } $category_query = ''; $join = ''; if ( ! empty( $parsed_args['category'] ) ) { $incategories = wp_parse_id_list( $parsed_args['category'] ); if ( count( $incategories ) ) { foreach ( $incategories as $incat ) { if ( empty( $category_query ) ) { $category_query = ' AND ( tt.term_id = ' . $incat . ' '; } else { $category_query .= ' OR tt.term_id = ' . $incat . ' '; } } } } if ( ! empty( $category_query ) ) { $category_query .= ") AND taxonomy = 'link_category'"; $join = " INNER JOIN $wpdb->term_relationships AS tr ON ($wpdb->links.link_id = tr.object_id) INNER JOIN $wpdb->term_taxonomy as tt ON tt.term_taxonomy_id = tr.term_taxonomy_id"; } if ( $parsed_args['show_updated'] ) { $recently_updated_test = ', IF (DATE_ADD(link_updated, INTERVAL 120 MINUTE) >= NOW(), 1,0) as recently_updated '; } else { $recently_updated_test = ''; } $get_updated = ( $parsed_args['show_updated'] ) ? ', UNIX_TIMESTAMP(link_updated) AS link_updated_f ' : ''; $orderby = strtolower( $parsed_args['orderby'] ); $length = ''; switch ( $orderby ) { case 'length': $length = ', CHAR_LENGTH(link_name) AS length'; break; case 'rand': $orderby = 'rand()'; break; case 'link_id': $orderby = "$wpdb->links.link_id"; break; default: $orderparams = array(); $keys = array( 'link_id', 'link_name', 'link_url', 'link_visible', 'link_rating', 'link_owner', 'link_updated', 'link_notes', 'link_description' ); foreach ( explode( ',', $orderby ) as $ordparam ) { $ordparam = trim( $ordparam ); if ( in_array( 'link_' . $ordparam, $keys, true ) ) { $orderparams[] = 'link_' . $ordparam; } elseif ( in_array( $ordparam, $keys, true ) ) { $orderparams[] = $ordparam; } } $orderby = implode( ',', $orderparams ); } if ( empty( $orderby ) ) { $orderby = 'link_name'; } $order = strtoupper( $parsed_args['order'] ); if ( '' !== $order && ! in_array( $order, array( 'ASC', 'DESC' ), true ) ) { $order = 'ASC'; } $visible = ''; if ( $parsed_args['hide_invisible'] ) { $visible = "AND link_visible = 'Y'"; } $query = "SELECT * $length $recently_updated_test $get_updated FROM $wpdb->links $join WHERE 1=1 $visible $category_query"; $query .= " $exclusions $inclusions $search"; $query .= " ORDER BY $orderby $order"; if ( -1 !== $parsed_args['limit'] ) { $query .= ' LIMIT ' . absint( $parsed_args['limit'] ); } $results = $wpdb->get_results( $query ); if ( 'rand()' !== $orderby ) { $cache[ $key ] = $results; wp_cache_set( 'get_bookmarks', $cache, 'bookmark' ); } /** This filter is documented in wp-includes/bookmark.php */ return apply_filters( 'get_bookmarks', $results, $parsed_args ); } /** * Sanitizes all bookmark fields. * * @since 2.3.0 * * @param stdClass|array $bookmark Bookmark row. * @param string $context Optional. How to filter the fields. Default 'display'. * @return stdClass|array Same type as $bookmark but with fields sanitized. */ function sanitize_bookmark( $bookmark, $context = 'display' ) { $fields = array( 'link_id', 'link_url', 'link_name', 'link_image', 'link_target', 'link_category', 'link_description', 'link_visible', 'link_owner', 'link_rating', 'link_updated', 'link_rel', 'link_notes', 'link_rss', ); if ( is_object( $bookmark ) ) { $do_object = true; $link_id = $bookmark->link_id; } else { $do_object = false; $link_id = $bookmark['link_id']; } foreach ( $fields as $field ) { if ( $do_object ) { if ( isset( $bookmark->$field ) ) { $bookmark->$field = sanitize_bookmark_field( $field, $bookmark->$field, $link_id, $context ); } } else { if ( isset( $bookmark[ $field ] ) ) { $bookmark[ $field ] = sanitize_bookmark_field( $field, $bookmark[ $field ], $link_id, $context ); } } } return $bookmark; } /** * Sanitizes a bookmark field. * * Sanitizes the bookmark fields based on what the field name is. If the field * has a strict value set, then it will be tested for that, else a more generic * filtering is applied. After the more strict filter is applied, if the `$context` * is 'raw' then the value is immediately return. * * Hooks exist for the more generic cases. With the 'edit' context, the {@see 'edit_$field'} * filter will be called and passed the `$value` and `$bookmark_id` respectively. * * With the 'db' context, the {@see 'pre_$field'} filter is called and passed the value. * The 'display' context is the final context and has the `$field` has the filter name * and is passed the `$value`, `$bookmark_id`, and `$context`, respectively. * * @since 2.3.0 * * @param string $field The bookmark field. * @param mixed $value The bookmark field value. * @param int $bookmark_id Bookmark ID. * @param string $context How to filter the field value. Accepts 'raw', 'edit', 'db', * 'display', 'attribute', or 'js'. Default 'display'. * @return mixed The filtered value. */ function sanitize_bookmark_field( $field, $value, $bookmark_id, $context ) { $int_fields = array( 'link_id', 'link_rating' ); if ( in_array( $field, $int_fields, true ) ) { $value = (int) $value; } switch ( $field ) { case 'link_category': // array( ints ) $value = array_map( 'absint', (array) $value ); /* * We return here so that the categories aren't filtered. * The 'link_category' filter is for the name of a link category, not an array of a link's link categories. */ return $value; case 'link_visible': // bool stored as Y|N $value = preg_replace( '/[^YNyn]/', '', $value ); break; case 'link_target': // "enum" $targets = array( '_top', '_blank' ); if ( ! in_array( $value, $targets, true ) ) { $value = ''; } break; } if ( 'raw' === $context ) { return $value; } if ( 'edit' === $context ) { /** This filter is documented in wp-includes/post.php */ $value = apply_filters( "edit_{$field}", $value, $bookmark_id ); if ( 'link_notes' === $field ) { $value = esc_html( $value ); // textarea_escaped } else { $value = esc_attr( $value ); } } elseif ( 'db' === $context ) { /** This filter is documented in wp-includes/post.php */ $value = apply_filters( "pre_{$field}", $value ); } else { /** This filter is documented in wp-includes/post.php */ $value = apply_filters( "{$field}", $value, $bookmark_id, $context ); if ( 'attribute' === $context ) { $value = esc_attr( $value ); } elseif ( 'js' === $context ) { $value = esc_js( $value ); } } // Restore the type for integer fields after esc_attr(). if ( in_array( $field, $int_fields, true ) ) { $value = (int) $value; } return $value; } /** * Deletes the bookmark cache. * * @since 2.7.0 * * @param int $bookmark_id Bookmark ID. */ function clean_bookmark_cache( $bookmark_id ) { wp_cache_delete( $bookmark_id, 'bookmark' ); wp_cache_delete( 'get_bookmarks', 'bookmark' ); clean_object_term_cache( $bookmark_id, 'link' ); } Experto estima que para EEUU es difícil aislar a Rusia – Ciudad MCY

Ciudad MCY

Comunicación Patria

Mundo

Experto estima que para EEUU es difícil aislar a Rusia

PorGioezabeth Ceballo

Mar 24, 2022

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***Estado Unidos enfrenta serios obstáculos para aislar a Rusia y apartarla de la economía mundial, estimó hoy Ryan McMaken, editor principal del Mises Institute.

CIUDAD MCY.- Un análisis que publicó el sitio digital Zrohedge.com, ¿Sancionará Biden a medio mundo para aislar a Rusia?, valoró los obstáculos que enfrenta la Casa Blanca para conseguir sus objetivos contra Moscú y subrayó que no será una tarea fácil.

Desde México hasta Brasil, pasando por China, India y gran parte de África, el mundo se resiste al llamamiento de Washington de tratar a Rusia como una nación paria, indicó.

Sí, los Estados Unidos ciertamente infligirán mucho daño a la economía rusa con sus sanciones, apuntó, pero es poco probable que sea un daño suficiente para incapacitar al régimen de Moscú.

Opinó McMaken que esto se debe a que gran parte del mundo muestra que planea seguir teniendo relaciones con los rusos, aunque haciendo algunos esfuerzos para evitar cualquier confrontación política directa con Washington.

Si la casa Blanca quiere consumar su política va a tener que amenazar a muchos otros regímenes con sanciones secundarias, es decir, sanciones diseñadas para forzar el cumplimiento de las sanciones iniciales a Rusia, remarcó.

El analista señaló que esto será diplomática y económicamente costoso para Estados Unidos en sus planes de construir alianzas y asociaciones económicas contra un potencial bloque Rusia-China.

En términos geopolíticos, lo que esto significa es que Washington está intentando castigar y regular directamente a las empresas y personas extranjeras, incluso en casos en los que Estados Unidos no es parte del comercio o la inversión que se está realizando.

«Ahora, al extender sanciones muy duras a Rusia, Biden está ampliando enormemente el alcance de su régimen de sanciones, y a un país que está mucho más conectado globalmente que Irán o Cuba, o Corea del Norte», puntualizó McMaken.

Una cosa es exigir a otros países que sancionen a un puñado de pequeños países con una pequeña huella económica mundial. Otra cosa es exigir que el mundo acompañe las sanciones de Estados Unidos a un gran país como Rusia, subrayó.

Agregó que un giro hacia la aplicación entusiasta de sanciones secundarias pondrá a Estados Unidos en conflicto directo con estos regímenes que no tienen ningún interés en oponerse a las políticas de Washington hacia Rusia específicamente, pero que no están preparados para cortar relaciones con Moscú.

Estados Unidos ya no está en condiciones de rehacer el mundo a su imagen. No estamos en 1945, ni siquiera en 1970, por lo que Washington se encontrará con un Sur Global que tiene muchas más opciones que en las primeras décadas posteriores a la Segunda Guerra Mundial, concluyó McMaken.

Información Prensa Latina

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Por Gioezabeth Ceballo

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