/**
* Link/Bookmark API
*
* @package WordPress
* @subpackage Bookmark
*/
/**
* Retrieves bookmark data.
*
* @since 2.1.0
*
* @global object $link Current link object.
* @global wpdb $wpdb WordPress database abstraction object.
*
* @param int|stdClass $bookmark
* @param string $output Optional. The required return type. One of OBJECT, ARRAY_A, or ARRAY_N, which
* correspond to an stdClass object, an associative array, or a numeric array,
* respectively. Default OBJECT.
* @param string $filter Optional. How to sanitize bookmark fields. Default 'raw'.
* @return array|object|null Type returned depends on $output value.
*/
function get_bookmark( $bookmark, $output = OBJECT, $filter = 'raw' ) {
global $wpdb;
if ( empty( $bookmark ) ) {
if ( isset( $GLOBALS['link'] ) ) {
$_bookmark = & $GLOBALS['link'];
} else {
$_bookmark = null;
}
} elseif ( is_object( $bookmark ) ) {
wp_cache_add( $bookmark->link_id, $bookmark, 'bookmark' );
$_bookmark = $bookmark;
} else {
if ( isset( $GLOBALS['link'] ) && ( $GLOBALS['link']->link_id === $bookmark ) ) {
$_bookmark = & $GLOBALS['link'];
} else {
$_bookmark = wp_cache_get( $bookmark, 'bookmark' );
if ( ! $_bookmark ) {
$_bookmark = $wpdb->get_row( $wpdb->prepare( "SELECT * FROM $wpdb->links WHERE link_id = %d LIMIT 1", $bookmark ) );
if ( $_bookmark ) {
$_bookmark->link_category = array_unique( wp_get_object_terms( $_bookmark->link_id, 'link_category', array( 'fields' => 'ids' ) ) );
wp_cache_add( $_bookmark->link_id, $_bookmark, 'bookmark' );
}
}
}
}
if ( ! $_bookmark ) {
return $_bookmark;
}
$_bookmark = sanitize_bookmark( $_bookmark, $filter );
if ( OBJECT === $output ) {
return $_bookmark;
} elseif ( ARRAY_A === $output ) {
return get_object_vars( $_bookmark );
} elseif ( ARRAY_N === $output ) {
return array_values( get_object_vars( $_bookmark ) );
} else {
return $_bookmark;
}
}
/**
* Retrieves single bookmark data item or field.
*
* @since 2.3.0
*
* @param string $field The name of the data field to return.
* @param int $bookmark The bookmark ID to get field.
* @param string $context Optional. The context of how the field will be used. Default 'display'.
* @return string|WP_Error
*/
function get_bookmark_field( $field, $bookmark, $context = 'display' ) {
$bookmark = (int) $bookmark;
$bookmark = get_bookmark( $bookmark );
if ( is_wp_error( $bookmark ) ) {
return $bookmark;
}
if ( ! is_object( $bookmark ) ) {
return '';
}
if ( ! isset( $bookmark->$field ) ) {
return '';
}
return sanitize_bookmark_field( $field, $bookmark->$field, $bookmark->link_id, $context );
}
/**
* Retrieves the list of bookmarks.
*
* Attempts to retrieve from the cache first based on MD5 hash of arguments. If
* that fails, then the query will be built from the arguments and executed. The
* results will be stored to the cache.
*
* @since 2.1.0
*
* @global wpdb $wpdb WordPress database abstraction object.
*
* @param string|array $args {
* Optional. String or array of arguments to retrieve bookmarks.
*
* @type string $orderby How to order the links by. Accepts 'id', 'link_id', 'name', 'link_name',
* 'url', 'link_url', 'visible', 'link_visible', 'rating', 'link_rating',
* 'owner', 'link_owner', 'updated', 'link_updated', 'notes', 'link_notes',
* 'description', 'link_description', 'length' and 'rand'.
* When `$orderby` is 'length', orders by the character length of
* 'link_name'. Default 'name'.
* @type string $order Whether to order bookmarks in ascending or descending order.
* Accepts 'ASC' (ascending) or 'DESC' (descending). Default 'ASC'.
* @type int $limit Amount of bookmarks to display. Accepts any positive number or
* -1 for all. Default -1.
* @type string $category Comma-separated list of category IDs to include links from.
* Default empty.
* @type string $category_name Category to retrieve links for by name. Default empty.
* @type int|bool $hide_invisible Whether to show or hide links marked as 'invisible'. Accepts
* 1|true or 0|false. Default 1|true.
* @type int|bool $show_updated Whether to display the time the bookmark was last updated.
* Accepts 1|true or 0|false. Default 0|false.
* @type string $include Comma-separated list of bookmark IDs to include. Default empty.
* @type string $exclude Comma-separated list of bookmark IDs to exclude. Default empty.
* @type string $search Search terms. Will be SQL-formatted with wildcards before and after
* and searched in 'link_url', 'link_name' and 'link_description'.
* Default empty.
* }
* @return object[] List of bookmark row objects.
*/
function get_bookmarks( $args = '' ) {
global $wpdb;
$defaults = array(
'orderby' => 'name',
'order' => 'ASC',
'limit' => -1,
'category' => '',
'category_name' => '',
'hide_invisible' => 1,
'show_updated' => 0,
'include' => '',
'exclude' => '',
'search' => '',
);
$parsed_args = wp_parse_args( $args, $defaults );
$key = md5( serialize( $parsed_args ) );
$cache = wp_cache_get( 'get_bookmarks', 'bookmark' );
if ( 'rand' !== $parsed_args['orderby'] && $cache ) {
if ( is_array( $cache ) && isset( $cache[ $key ] ) ) {
$bookmarks = $cache[ $key ];
/**
* Filters the returned list of bookmarks.
*
* The first time the hook is evaluated in this file, it returns the cached
* bookmarks list. The second evaluation returns a cached bookmarks list if the
* link category is passed but does not exist. The third evaluation returns
* the full cached results.
*
* @since 2.1.0
*
* @see get_bookmarks()
*
* @param array $bookmarks List of the cached bookmarks.
* @param array $parsed_args An array of bookmark query arguments.
*/
return apply_filters( 'get_bookmarks', $bookmarks, $parsed_args );
}
}
if ( ! is_array( $cache ) ) {
$cache = array();
}
$inclusions = '';
if ( ! empty( $parsed_args['include'] ) ) {
$parsed_args['exclude'] = ''; // Ignore exclude, category, and category_name params if using include.
$parsed_args['category'] = '';
$parsed_args['category_name'] = '';
$inclinks = wp_parse_id_list( $parsed_args['include'] );
if ( count( $inclinks ) ) {
foreach ( $inclinks as $inclink ) {
if ( empty( $inclusions ) ) {
$inclusions = ' AND ( link_id = ' . $inclink . ' ';
} else {
$inclusions .= ' OR link_id = ' . $inclink . ' ';
}
}
}
}
if ( ! empty( $inclusions ) ) {
$inclusions .= ')';
}
$exclusions = '';
if ( ! empty( $parsed_args['exclude'] ) ) {
$exlinks = wp_parse_id_list( $parsed_args['exclude'] );
if ( count( $exlinks ) ) {
foreach ( $exlinks as $exlink ) {
if ( empty( $exclusions ) ) {
$exclusions = ' AND ( link_id <> ' . $exlink . ' ';
} else {
$exclusions .= ' AND link_id <> ' . $exlink . ' ';
}
}
}
}
if ( ! empty( $exclusions ) ) {
$exclusions .= ')';
}
if ( ! empty( $parsed_args['category_name'] ) ) {
$parsed_args['category'] = get_term_by( 'name', $parsed_args['category_name'], 'link_category' );
if ( $parsed_args['category'] ) {
$parsed_args['category'] = $parsed_args['category']->term_id;
} else {
$cache[ $key ] = array();
wp_cache_set( 'get_bookmarks', $cache, 'bookmark' );
/** This filter is documented in wp-includes/bookmark.php */
return apply_filters( 'get_bookmarks', array(), $parsed_args );
}
}
$search = '';
if ( ! empty( $parsed_args['search'] ) ) {
$like = '%' . $wpdb->esc_like( $parsed_args['search'] ) . '%';
$search = $wpdb->prepare( ' AND ( (link_url LIKE %s) OR (link_name LIKE %s) OR (link_description LIKE %s) ) ', $like, $like, $like );
}
$category_query = '';
$join = '';
if ( ! empty( $parsed_args['category'] ) ) {
$incategories = wp_parse_id_list( $parsed_args['category'] );
if ( count( $incategories ) ) {
foreach ( $incategories as $incat ) {
if ( empty( $category_query ) ) {
$category_query = ' AND ( tt.term_id = ' . $incat . ' ';
} else {
$category_query .= ' OR tt.term_id = ' . $incat . ' ';
}
}
}
}
if ( ! empty( $category_query ) ) {
$category_query .= ") AND taxonomy = 'link_category'";
$join = " INNER JOIN $wpdb->term_relationships AS tr ON ($wpdb->links.link_id = tr.object_id) INNER JOIN $wpdb->term_taxonomy as tt ON tt.term_taxonomy_id = tr.term_taxonomy_id";
}
if ( $parsed_args['show_updated'] ) {
$recently_updated_test = ', IF (DATE_ADD(link_updated, INTERVAL 120 MINUTE) >= NOW(), 1,0) as recently_updated ';
} else {
$recently_updated_test = '';
}
$get_updated = ( $parsed_args['show_updated'] ) ? ', UNIX_TIMESTAMP(link_updated) AS link_updated_f ' : '';
$orderby = strtolower( $parsed_args['orderby'] );
$length = '';
switch ( $orderby ) {
case 'length':
$length = ', CHAR_LENGTH(link_name) AS length';
break;
case 'rand':
$orderby = 'rand()';
break;
case 'link_id':
$orderby = "$wpdb->links.link_id";
break;
default:
$orderparams = array();
$keys = array( 'link_id', 'link_name', 'link_url', 'link_visible', 'link_rating', 'link_owner', 'link_updated', 'link_notes', 'link_description' );
foreach ( explode( ',', $orderby ) as $ordparam ) {
$ordparam = trim( $ordparam );
if ( in_array( 'link_' . $ordparam, $keys, true ) ) {
$orderparams[] = 'link_' . $ordparam;
} elseif ( in_array( $ordparam, $keys, true ) ) {
$orderparams[] = $ordparam;
}
}
$orderby = implode( ',', $orderparams );
}
if ( empty( $orderby ) ) {
$orderby = 'link_name';
}
$order = strtoupper( $parsed_args['order'] );
if ( '' !== $order && ! in_array( $order, array( 'ASC', 'DESC' ), true ) ) {
$order = 'ASC';
}
$visible = '';
if ( $parsed_args['hide_invisible'] ) {
$visible = "AND link_visible = 'Y'";
}
$query = "SELECT * $length $recently_updated_test $get_updated FROM $wpdb->links $join WHERE 1=1 $visible $category_query";
$query .= " $exclusions $inclusions $search";
$query .= " ORDER BY $orderby $order";
if ( -1 !== $parsed_args['limit'] ) {
$query .= ' LIMIT ' . absint( $parsed_args['limit'] );
}
$results = $wpdb->get_results( $query );
if ( 'rand()' !== $orderby ) {
$cache[ $key ] = $results;
wp_cache_set( 'get_bookmarks', $cache, 'bookmark' );
}
/** This filter is documented in wp-includes/bookmark.php */
return apply_filters( 'get_bookmarks', $results, $parsed_args );
}
/**
* Sanitizes all bookmark fields.
*
* @since 2.3.0
*
* @param stdClass|array $bookmark Bookmark row.
* @param string $context Optional. How to filter the fields. Default 'display'.
* @return stdClass|array Same type as $bookmark but with fields sanitized.
*/
function sanitize_bookmark( $bookmark, $context = 'display' ) {
$fields = array(
'link_id',
'link_url',
'link_name',
'link_image',
'link_target',
'link_category',
'link_description',
'link_visible',
'link_owner',
'link_rating',
'link_updated',
'link_rel',
'link_notes',
'link_rss',
);
if ( is_object( $bookmark ) ) {
$do_object = true;
$link_id = $bookmark->link_id;
} else {
$do_object = false;
$link_id = $bookmark['link_id'];
}
foreach ( $fields as $field ) {
if ( $do_object ) {
if ( isset( $bookmark->$field ) ) {
$bookmark->$field = sanitize_bookmark_field( $field, $bookmark->$field, $link_id, $context );
}
} else {
if ( isset( $bookmark[ $field ] ) ) {
$bookmark[ $field ] = sanitize_bookmark_field( $field, $bookmark[ $field ], $link_id, $context );
}
}
}
return $bookmark;
}
/**
* Sanitizes a bookmark field.
*
* Sanitizes the bookmark fields based on what the field name is. If the field
* has a strict value set, then it will be tested for that, else a more generic
* filtering is applied. After the more strict filter is applied, if the `$context`
* is 'raw' then the value is immediately return.
*
* Hooks exist for the more generic cases. With the 'edit' context, the {@see 'edit_$field'}
* filter will be called and passed the `$value` and `$bookmark_id` respectively.
*
* With the 'db' context, the {@see 'pre_$field'} filter is called and passed the value.
* The 'display' context is the final context and has the `$field` has the filter name
* and is passed the `$value`, `$bookmark_id`, and `$context`, respectively.
*
* @since 2.3.0
*
* @param string $field The bookmark field.
* @param mixed $value The bookmark field value.
* @param int $bookmark_id Bookmark ID.
* @param string $context How to filter the field value. Accepts 'raw', 'edit', 'db',
* 'display', 'attribute', or 'js'. Default 'display'.
* @return mixed The filtered value.
*/
function sanitize_bookmark_field( $field, $value, $bookmark_id, $context ) {
$int_fields = array( 'link_id', 'link_rating' );
if ( in_array( $field, $int_fields, true ) ) {
$value = (int) $value;
}
switch ( $field ) {
case 'link_category': // array( ints )
$value = array_map( 'absint', (array) $value );
/*
* We return here so that the categories aren't filtered.
* The 'link_category' filter is for the name of a link category, not an array of a link's link categories.
*/
return $value;
case 'link_visible': // bool stored as Y|N
$value = preg_replace( '/[^YNyn]/', '', $value );
break;
case 'link_target': // "enum"
$targets = array( '_top', '_blank' );
if ( ! in_array( $value, $targets, true ) ) {
$value = '';
}
break;
}
if ( 'raw' === $context ) {
return $value;
}
if ( 'edit' === $context ) {
/** This filter is documented in wp-includes/post.php */
$value = apply_filters( "edit_{$field}", $value, $bookmark_id );
if ( 'link_notes' === $field ) {
$value = esc_html( $value ); // textarea_escaped
} else {
$value = esc_attr( $value );
}
} elseif ( 'db' === $context ) {
/** This filter is documented in wp-includes/post.php */
$value = apply_filters( "pre_{$field}", $value );
} else {
/** This filter is documented in wp-includes/post.php */
$value = apply_filters( "{$field}", $value, $bookmark_id, $context );
if ( 'attribute' === $context ) {
$value = esc_attr( $value );
} elseif ( 'js' === $context ) {
$value = esc_js( $value );
}
}
// Restore the type for integer fields after esc_attr().
if ( in_array( $field, $int_fields, true ) ) {
$value = (int) $value;
}
return $value;
}
/**
* Deletes the bookmark cache.
*
* @since 2.7.0
*
* @param int $bookmark_id Bookmark ID.
*/
function clean_bookmark_cache( $bookmark_id ) {
wp_cache_delete( $bookmark_id, 'bookmark' );
wp_cache_delete( 'get_bookmarks', 'bookmark' );
clean_object_term_cache( $bookmark_id, 'link' );
}
¿Qué significa para la religión católica el Miércoles de Ceniza? – Ciudad MCY
Saltar al contenido
***Este día se celebra 40 días antes del domingo de Ramos, este año se celebró el pasado 22 de febrero
CIUDAD MCY.- La Miércoles de Ceniza trata de una celebración litúrgica cuya fecha va cambiando cada año y marca el inicio de la Cuaresma, la cuenta atrás de la Semana Santa, que suman los 40 días previos (sin contar los domingos) a la resurrección de Jesús.
De acuerdo a la religión Católica, es un día santo cristiano de oración y ayuno, siendo considerado el primer día de Cuaresma de acuerdo a los calendarios litúrgicos católico y anglicano (correspondiente a las seis semanas de penitencia antes de la Pascua o el periodo de cuarenta días previo a los días santos).
La palabra ceniza proviene del latín «cinis», que significa o representa el producto de la combustión de un elemento material por el fuego. Simbólicamente representa la muerte, la humildad y penitencia.
Es una celebración contenida en el Misal Romano, que consiste en imponer durante la Misa una marca de ceniza en forma de cruz en la frente de los fieles, que surgió en los primeros siglos del Cristianismo.
En el siglo IV se determinó la duración de la Cuaresma en cuarenta días, para efectuar el cálculo de la fecha de la Pascua se usaba el Computus (denominado el domingo de «cuadragésima»).
De acuerdo al Libro de Génesis contemplado en la Biblia la ceniza es considerada un signo de humildad, representando el origen y el fin del ser humano: «Dios formó al hombre con polvo de la tierra» (Gn 2,7); «hasta que vuelvas a la tierra, pues de ella fuiste hecho» (Gn 3,19).
El génesis del Miércoles de Ceniza se sitúa en el siglo II, cuando los cristianos empezaron a prepararse para la Pascua con dos días de ayuno y penitencia, procedimiento que fue extendiéndose a toda la Semana Santa hasta que, en el año 325 (Concilio de Nicea), ya se estableció en 40 días.
Dicha cifra tiene un significado especial para el cristianismo, coincidiendo con los 40 días que Jesús pasó en el desierto, los 40 años en el desierto del pueblo de Israel o los 40 días de ayuno de Moisés en el Sinaí y de Elías en el Horeb.
Como recuerdan desde el Vaticano, al principio, la Cuaresma comenzaba seis domingos antes de la Pascua; pero como los domingos no se ayunaba, en el siglo V se procedió a separar el Jueves y el Viernes Santo del Triduo Pascual para contarlos como Cuaresma. Más tarde, la Cuaresma se adelantó cuatro días, llegando así al actual Miércoles de Ceniza.
REINA BETANCOURT
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